Phosphorus-doped nickel cobalt oxide (NiCo2O4) wrapped in 3D hierarchical hollow N-doped carbon nanoflowers as highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.

Properly design and fabricate capable electrocatalysts with 3D hierarchical hollow framework to realize cost-effective and efficacious overall water splitting (OWS) are particularly meaningful for the large-scale arrangement of pivotal energy technology. In this study, P-doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles encapsulated in N-doped carbon hierarchical hollow nanoflowers (P-NiCo2O4@NCHHNFs) were constructed using the hydrothermal-pyrolysis-phosphorization approach. This fascinating architecture can not merely serve as a conductive pathway for electron transfer, but at the same time effectively inhibited the aggregation and corrosion of the NiCo2O4 nanoparticles. Additionally, the P doping not only regulates electronic structure configuration to boost the intrinsic activity of the catalyst, but also enhance electrochemical surface areas to reveal more accessible active sites. Attributing to these characteristics, the as-prepared P-NiCo2O4@NCHHNFs exhibit preeminent electrocatalytic performance with low overpotentials of 283 mV and 162 mV for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) (at 10 mA cm-2), respectively. Specifically, by using the P-NiCo2O4@NCHHNFs as bifunctional catalysts, a low potential of 1.56 V (at 10 mA cm-2) is sufficient to drive overall water splitting with splendid durability. This study proposed an innovative strategy for the conceiving and fabricating high-performance catalysts via heteroatom-doping.

Realizing Ultrasensitive and Accurate Point-of-Care Profiling for ATP with a Triple-Mode Strategy Based on the ATP-Induced Reassembly of a Copper Coordination Polymer Nanoflower.

New strategies for accurate and reliable detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with portable devices are significant for biochemical analysis, while most recently reported approaches cannot satisfy the detection accuracy and independent of large instruments simultaneously, which are unsuitable for fast, simple, and on-site ATP monitoring. Herein, a unique, convenient, and label-free point-of-care sensing strategy based on novel copper coordination polymer nanoflowers (CuCPNFs) was fabricated for multimode (UV-vis, photothermal, and RGB values) onsite ATP determination with high selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy. The resulting CuCPNFs with a 3D hierarchical structure exhibit the ATP-triggered decomposition behavior because the competitive coordination between ATP and the copper ions of CuCPNFs can result in the formation of ATP-Cu, which reveals preeminent peroxidase mimics activity and can accelerate the oxidation of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to form oxTMB. During this process, the detection system displayed not only color changes but also a strong NIR laser-driven photothermal effect. Thus, the photothermal and color signal variations are easily monitored by a portable thermometer and a smartphone. This multimode point-of-care platform can meet the requirements of onsite, without bulky equipment, accuracy, and reliability all at once, greatly enhancing its application in practice and paving a new way in ATP analysis.

Efficacy and safety of KN046, a novel bispecific antibody against PD-L1 and CTLA-4, in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who failed platinum-based chemotherapy: a phase II study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KN046, a novel recombinant humanised antibody targeting PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after failure or intolerance to platinum-based chemotherapy. METHODS: In this multi-centre, open-label phase II clinical trial, patients were enroled after failure or intolerance to platinum-based chemotherapy. KN046 at 3 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg was administered intravenously every 2weeks. The primary end-point was objective response rate (ORR) evaluated by a blinded independent review committee (BIRC). RESULTS: A total of 30 and 34 patients were included in the 3 mg/kg (cohort A) and 5 mg/kg (cohort B) cohorts. On 31st August 2021, the median follow-up duration was 24.08 months (interquartile [IQR], 22.28, 24.84) and 19.35months (IQR, 17.25, 20.90) in the 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg cohorts, respectively. BIRC-assessed ORRs were 13.3% and 14.7% in the 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg cohorts, respectively. Median progression-free survival was 3.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.22-7.29) and 3.68 (95%CI 1.81-7.39) months, while overall survival was 19.70 (95.5%CI 15.44-not estimated [NE]) and 13.04 (95.5%CI 9.86-NE) months, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were anaemia (28.1%), hyperglycaemia (26.7%), and infusion-related reactions (26.7%). The incidence rates of grade ≥ 3 TRAEs and TRAEs leading to treatment discontinuation were 42.2% and 14.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg KN046 showed promising efficacy and favourable safety profile for advanced NSCLC after failure or intolerance to previous platinum-based chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03838848.

Medication use patterns, health care resource utilization, and economic burden for patients with major depressive disorder in Beijing, People's Republic of China.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to investigate medication usage patterns, health care resource utilization, and direct medical costs of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in Beijing, People's Republic of China. METHODS: Data were extracted from a random sample of the Beijing Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance database. Patients aged ≥18 years, with ≥1 primary diagnosis of MDD and 12-month continuous enrollment after their first observed MDD diagnosis between 2012 and 2013 were identified. Those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or cancer during the analysis period were excluded. RESULTS: In total 8,484 patients, with a mean age of 57.2 years, were included and 63% were female. The top three commonly observed comorbidities were hypertension (70.9%), anxiety disorder (68.6%), and coronary heart disease (65.1%). Furthermore, 71.4% of patients were treated with antidepressant medications, including 60.5% of patients treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, followed by noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (9.0%) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (8.3%). The proportions of patients who discontinued their initial antidepressant within the first and second months after the index date were 45.4% and 77.0%, respectively. Concomitant medications were prescribed for 76.8% of patients. Only 0.42% of patients experienced ≥1 MDD-related hospitalization(s) during the 1-year follow-up, and the average annual number of hospitalization was 1.2 for those hospitalized. The mean length of stay was 33.4 days per hospitalization. All patients had ≥1 MDD-related outpatient visit(s). The mean annual number of outpatient visits per patient was 3.1. The mean annual direct medical costs per patient with MDD was RMB ¥1,694.1 (48.5% for antidepressant medications), and that for hospitalized patients was RMB ¥21,291.0 (15.0% for antidepressant medications). CONCLUSION: In Beijing, the majority of patients with MDD were treated in the outpatient setting only and they received antidepressants. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were the most commonly used antidepressants. However, the duration to antidepressant medication was short, and persistence was low. The economic burden of MDD-related hospitalization was considerable.